高壓清洗機清洗鋼板的射流靶距選擇及故障

高壓清洗機清洗鋼板的射流靶距與水射流打擊力有關，在不同壓力和流量情況下，都存在一個最佳靶距范圍，而在這個靶距范圍內，就可以獲得最大水射流打擊力。以下分析了當射流靶距分別為120mm、150mm、200mm、300mm時，水射流覆蓋面積和水射流打擊力變化，具體示意圖和數據如下：
水射流覆蓋區域
 
水射流覆蓋面積
射流靶距/mm     覆蓋面積/mm2     面積變化比     水射流打擊力變化比
120     A1    436     0.69     1.45
150     A2    632     1     1
200     A3    1124     1.78     0.56
300     A4    2525     4     0.25
 
當噴嘴確定后，射流靶距是影響射流覆蓋面積變化的唯一變量，試驗結果顯示，如果射流靶距增加一倍，則射流覆蓋面積將增加4倍，但水射流打擊力僅為原來的1/4；如果把射流靶距減小一半，則射流覆蓋面積僅為原來的1/4，但水射流打擊力為原來的4倍，所以射流靶距的合理確定也十分重要。在設計射流靶距時，既要考慮射流靶距減小帶來的水射流打擊力的增大，又要考慮射流靶距減小使得單個噴嘴覆蓋的面積減小，以此帶來的覆蓋同樣寬度需要噴嘴個數的增加。

如果是高壓水射流清洗機噴頭磨損、開裂、堵塞，同樣會導致流量變化、壓力變化，但是不會出現供水軟管或高壓水管抖動的現象；如果是閥芯、閥座的閥口出現損傷，不能關閉嚴密，會出現溢流口大量泄水、高壓水出口流量減少、壓力下降的現象；如果是排液閥關閉不嚴，會造成高壓水在幾個填料函之間內漏，要檢查高壓水出口流量是否減少、壓力是否下降，同時檢查高壓軟管是否出現抖動的現象；
中譯英：
Jet target high pressure cleaning machine plate distance associated with the water jet impact force, under different pressure and flow conditions, there exists an optimal target distance, and in the target range, it will be the largest water jet impact force. The following analysis of the jet distance were 120mm, 150mm, 200mm, 300mm, water jet cover area and water jet impact force changes, the schematic diagram and the data are as follows:
Water jet coverage area
The jet distance /mm covering /mm 2 area change area than the water jet impact force change ratio
120 A1 4360.69 1.45
150 A2 63211
200 A3 11241.78 0.56
300 A4 252540.25
When the nozzle is determined, the jet distance is only covered area change jet variables, test results show that, if the jet distance doubled, then jet coverage area will increase 4 times, but the water jet impact force is only the original 1/4; if the jet distance is reduced by half, then jet coverage area is only the original 1/4, but the water jet impact force is 4 times of the original, so the jet target distance is also very important to reasonably determine. In the design of the jet distance, jet to target spacing increases, it is necessary to consider the decrease of water jet impact force, but also consider the jet distance decreases makes a single nozzle coverage area is reduced, increasing the coverage width need to bring the same number of nozzles.